Syllabus

🔹 Unit I – Introduction to Free and Open Source Software (FOSS)

Marks: 8

1) Meaning of FOSS

FOSS (Free and Open Source Software) 

Users can:

• Use

• Modify

• Distribute

Example:

Linux

2) History of FOSS

Started by:

Richard Stallman (1983)

GNU Project

3) Need and Importance of FOSS

Uses:

• Free software

• No license cost

• Secure

4) Features of FOSS

• Free access

• Source code available

• Customization possible

5) Difference between FOSS and Commercial Software

6) Advantages of FOSS

• Free

• Secure

• Flexible

7) Disadvantages

• Less support

• Technical knowledge required

8) Open Source Licenses

Types:

GPL (General Public License)

MIT License

Apache License

BSD License

9) Applications of FOSS

Used in:

• Education

• Research

• IT companies

🔹 Unit II – Popular Open Source Software

 Marks: 7

Examples:

Mozilla Firefox

Web browser

Linux

Operating system

LibreOffice

Office software

Python

Programming language

PHP

Web programming language

Blender

3D software

Comparison with Proprietary Software

Case Study Examples

• Linux

• Python

🔹 Unit III – Linux Operating System

Marks: 8

History

Developed by:

Linus Torvalds (1991)

Features

• Free

• Secure

• Multiuser

Difference: Unix vs Linux

Difference: Windows vs Linux

Components of Linux

• Kernel

• Shell

• File System

Linux Architecture

Layers:

• Hardware

• Kernel

• Shell

• User

Linux Distributions

Examples:

• Ubuntu

• Fedora

• RedHat

Linux File System Structure

Example:

/home

/bin

/etc

Types of Linux File Systems

Examples:

• ext4

• ext3

🔹 Unit IV – Linux Commands and Shell Programming

 Marks: 7

Directory Commands

File Commands

Printing Commands

Example:

lp

Linux Shell

Definition:

Command interpreter

Types of Shell

• Bash

• C shell

Shell Script

Definition:

List of commands

Example:

echo "Hello"

Shell Variables

Example:

1. Explain the Fundamentals of Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS)

2. Analyze Popular Open-Source Software and Tools

3. Understand Linux Operating System and Its Architecture

4. Demonstrate Knowledge of Linux File System and Its Structure

5. Utilize Linux Commands for File and Directory Management

6. Work with Linux Shell and Scripting