1.1 Electronic configuration
1.2 Ionization potential
1.3 Oxidation states
1.4 Reducing properties and metallic properties
1.5 Reactivity and flame coloration
1.6 Diagonal relationship between Li and Mg
1.7 Comparative study of Groups 13, 14, and 15 with respect to:
Atomic and ionic radii
Ionization potential
Electronegativity
Oxidation states
Inert pair effect
1.8 Diagonal relationship between Be and Al
1.9 Allotropes of carbon
2.1 Comparative study of Group 16 and 17 elements with reference to:
Electronic configuration
Ionization energy
Oxidation states
2.2 Oxidizing properties of halogens with reference to oxidation potential
2.3 Interhalogen compounds: Types and structures
2.4 Definition of polarisation
2.5 Polarising power and polarizability
2.6 Effect of polarisation on nature of bond
2.7 Fajan’s rules of polarisation and applications
3.1 First law of thermodynamics and its limitations
3.2 Need for the second law of thermodynamics
3.3 Carnot’s heat engine: Derivation of work done and efficiency
3.4 Statements of the second law of thermodynamics
3.5 Entropy: Concept and physical significance
3.6 Entropy change for an ideal gas (derivation in terms of P, T, V)
3.7 Entropy change for ideal gas in:
Isothermal process
Isobaric process
Isochoric process
3.8 Entropy of fusion, sublimation, vaporization, transition (calculations)
3.9 Entropy change for reversible and irreversible processes
3.10 Entropy as a criterion for spontaneity
3.11 Numerical problems
4.1 Postulates of kinetic theory of gases
4.2 Maxwell–Boltzmann distribution of velocities (qualitative)
4.3 RMS, average and most probable velocity
4.4 Relationship between velocities (RMS–average, RMS–most probable)
4.5 Mean free path
4.6 Collision diameter
4.7 Collision number / collision frequency
4.8 Deviations of real gases from ideal behavior (explanation)
4.9 Van der Waals equation (derivation)
4.10 Critical phenomenon and Andrews experiment (CO₂ isotherms)
4.11 Critical constants
4.12 Relationship between critical constants (Pc, Tc, Vc) and constants (a, b)
4.13 Reduced equation of state
4.14 Law of corresponding states (statement and derivation)
4.15 Numerical problems
4.16 Surface tension: definition, SI unit, effect of temperature
4.17 Relative surface tension by stalagmometer method (derivation)
4.18 Applications of surface tension
4.19 Viscosity: definition, coefficient and SI unit
4.20 Effect of temperature on viscosity
4.21 Relative viscosity by Ostwald viscometer method (derivation)
4.22 Applications of viscosity
4.23 Numerical problems
1. Analyze the variation of periodic properties in periods and groups.
2. Compare the properties of groups 13, 14, and 15 elements.
3. Explain the inert pair effect and its consequences.
4. Predict the types and structures of interhalogen compounds.
5. Apply Fajan's rules to predict the nature of polar bonds
6. Discuss the concept of entropy as a measure of disorder and randomness.
7. Solve different numerical of varying difficulty associated with thermodynamics, liquid state and gaseous state.
8. Explain the deviation of real gases from ideal behavior.
9. Apply mathematical relationships to real-world scenarios involving gases and liquids
108205 BSC Semester 2 Chemistry (NEP)
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